Expert analysis of United States University of management and operation of

United States colleges and universities that nature can be divided into public and private. Public institutions is a federal, State and local government funds to build schools, private schools are personal and private bodies (such as churches or businesses, etc.) to support the establishment of the school. In funding, public and private institutions are more significant differences. The main public institutions as a source of funding: ① State Government revenue grant; ② Federal Government libraries and other facilities, the specialized academic research projects and aid allocations to students; ③ local government sector allocation, mostly for two-year Community College and municipal institutions; ④ to compensate for the financial costs and fees, tuition fees are usually much lower than that of private institutions; ⑤ to government agencies, foundations and corporations, and other research services agency proceeds; ⑥ from alumni, businesses, foundations, and other aspects of grants and from these funds accumulated by the proceeds of the Endowment Fund. 　　Private institutions as the main source of funding: ① to student fees are usually better than public institutions, in funding as a proportion of larger also; ② local, State and Federal Government uses the specified allowance (religious schools often have no access to these subsidies); ③ from alumni, businesses, foundations, and other aspects of grants and from these funds accumulated by the proceeds of the Endowment Fund (this source in private institutions than in public schools far as important); ④ and Government agencies, foundations and corporations, and other signs of and service contract. However, to the different sources of funding to distinguish between public and private colleges are not completely. Especially in recent years, many public institutions more fanfare through civil channel donations to raise funds, and private institutions in financial is increasingly reliant on Government funding. United States students financial aid whether public or private, most come from all levels of Government, two colleges in funding differences are gradually reduced.　　Public and private institutions substantive differences between schools are Government controlled or private groups. Private colleges and universities usually State Charter operates under the corporate bodies. In some States, this type of Charter by the State Board of education or University Convocation, the Agency also developed a new College before obtaining the Charter must meet all the standards.　　In others, there is no such standard, any organization with sufficient financial resources to school, or be able to lobby the State legislature awarded Charter, it is permitted to confer various degrees. Private institutions of various funding sources of all schools and each school in a different period is different.　　In many colleges and universities, Government funded ratios greatly increased, and some schools refuse to accept any funding from the Government. The history of the United States private colleges and universities than public schools so far as the United States has a long tradition of famous universities such as the Eastern Ivy League eight institutions (Harvard, Princeton, Yale, Penn, Cornell and Brown, Dartmouth, Colombia. One of Cornell University are both public and private double nature, which is unique in the United States), last name first name private rather than public. Until the second half of the 19th century, the State-of-the-art public institutions (such as the University of California, and Texas) have been rising.　　In the United States, many private institutions enjoy the private colleges in other countries occupy some reputation, so that the State's public colleges and universities have to be in line with the quality of providing them, on maintaining high standards of United States higher education plays a major role. United States public schools can be further divided into State, city and State.　　Since the Federal Government educational institutions do not directly control and management, except for a few Federal Government affiliated institutions such as military colleges, other public and private institutions, subject to the law of the Länder. State colleges and universities usually by the State legislature passed legislation establishing, sometimes under the State Constitution. These institutions usually belongs to the jurisdiction of the State Board of higher education, Member of the Board of directors appointed by the Governor often.　　State institutions from the State Government to get their basic income, the remaining income sources for the tuition and fees, donations and federal funding. Municipal institutions of higher education is under State law or the Charter established by the local jurisdiction of the Board of Directors, Board members, often by the Mayor, City Board of education or the Council appointments. United States has a city also held large universities such as University of New York, with campus 20 18 000 students, scale in United States institutions of higher learning in third. Such institutions of income mainly local taxes and fees. Private donations and the State Government financial support for some colleges are also important, but the Endowment Fund in all such institutions are negligible.　　Currently, the Federal Government for this type of assistance is on the rise. National (Federal) institutions mainly the Federal Government in the field of national defence institutions directly.　　Other departments of the Federal Government also held minority colleges and universities. United States University of administrative organization system has various modes, but there are some common characteristics: United States institutions of higher education and the Council General of the Council, the Council members are usually outside the field of education, social celebrities come mainly from the legal, financial, business and the Church (the church-related schools). School Charter usually provides for the first session of the Council of the Organization and member of the election process. Managers thoroughly selected by judging a school is the best public or private, if the vast majority of managers standards by voting or by government officials (such as Governor) and institutions to appoint, the school is a public school. In some private (and few public) universities, a manager who has the right to elect their own no matter what, this class is called from the ductility of the Council of Governors. In church-related colleges, Manager of the University belongs to religious bodies elected or appointed.　　Typically each school's Alumni Council also has a number of delegates. In the Charter and state the relevant law, the Council shall have its own way of discretionary management school.　　But in fact the Council always to its administrative authority to which elected or appointed one (or several) full-time executive officers, the Chief Administrative Officer is the President. Vice-Chancellor of the University of the United States and its European peers, enjoy much more responsibility and authority. In the United States, the President's term of unrestricted, the administrative authority is less restricted. But troubling today United States University of school of fiscal revenue and expenditure. Principal's success largely depends on their balance of payments of

Force, and the old tradition of academic Summit as Rector of the University.　　Faced with a huge budget, Rector of the University had to put the main focus on fundraising fundraising, recruitment of students and public relations, there is very little time to participate in the school's academic management. Vice-Chancellor usually consists of one or more Vice-Presidents and a set of administrative staff to assist. Many schools teaching and academic affairs by a Dean or Director, Vice President of academic affairs is responsible for, the Registrar in the choice of teachers, curriculum, teaching quality and academic budgets to principals directly responsible. School remaining administrative officials usually includes one responsible for the custody of the school Registrar of official documents, one responsible for the enrollment of enrollment officer and a member of the management of those officials and school enterprise.